Spanish I students will get their tests back tomorrow. They were told today the big and small mistakes that were made. From now on all Spanish I retakes: You can take a different version of the same test. You must retake the whole test, not just what you got wrong. I will average out the two test scores.
- We reviewed what will be on the test, and a study guide was passed out.
Spanish 8 Test study guide
Unidad 2, etapa 1
2.1 Examen Study Guide
ü ALL vocab is fair game! Make sure that you know everything in your 2.1 vocab, even if we rarely used it!
ü Know your AR verb conjugation !
o Find the stem, then add:
o –o -amos
o –as -áis
o –a -an
Ex:
Hablar: The stem is "habl"
hablo hablamos
hablas habláis
hablan hablan
hablo hablamos
hablas habláis
habla hablan
Verb “AR” in the present tense
I. In Spanish, all verbs end in –ar, -er or –ir in their infinitive forms.
Hablar is the infinitive of the verb to talk.
II. Conjugation:
Step 1: Using the infinitive verb (ex. hablar), find the stem
The stem is everything except the –ar.
Step 2: Drop the –ar.
Ex: hablar = habl
Step 3: Add the appropriate ending according to subject.
Singular | Plural | |
1st Person | (yo=I) -o | (nosotros/as=we) -amos |
2nd Person | (tú=you, familiar) -as | (vosotros/as=you,familiar) -áis |
3rd Person | (él/ella/usted) -a (he/she/you,formal) | (ellos/as/ustedes) -an (they/you,formal) |
hablo hablamos
hablas habláis
habla hablan
VERY IMPORTANT:
- When you have a person’s name or job or relationship to you in front of the verb, if there is only one person, use the “él/ella” form of the verb.
José ___habla______ español. (José = he or él)
Sara ____ habla _______ español. (Sara = she or ella)
El doctor __ habla _______ español. (El doctor = he or él)
Mi hermano __ habla _____español. (Mi hermano = he or él)
- When you have more than one person’s name or job or relationship to you in front of the verb, use the “ellos” form of the verb.
José y Sara ___hablan______ español. (José y Sara = they or ellos)
Los doctores __ hablan _______ español. (los doctores = they or ellos)
Mis hermanos__ hablan _____español. (mis hermanos = they or ellos)
- When you have one or more people plus yourself, use the “nosotros” form of the verb.
José y yo ____hablamos___________ español. (José y yo = we or nosotros)
- When you have one or more people plus the pronoun “you”, use either the “vosotros” or the “ustedes” form of the verb.
José y tú ___habláis/hablan________ español. (José y tú = you or vosotros/ustedes)
ü Know how to use tener que + infinitive and hay que + infinitive
1) Using "Hay que":
Hay que stays the same and is an impersonal expression meaning "One must".
The second verb stays in the infinitive and is not conjugated.
Ex.
Hay que estudiar. = One must study.
2) Using "Tener que":
You must conjugate "tener' depending on who the subject of the sentence is.
The second verb stays in the infinitive and is not conjugated.
Tengo que estudiar. = I must study.
Tenemos que estudiar. = We must study.
ü Know your adverbs of frequency!
You must know if the adverbs go before or after the verb, or if they go at the beginning or end of the sentence.
Before the verb:
nunca: Yo nunca hablo español.
siempre: Yo siempre hablo español.
rara vez: Yo rara vez hablo español.
After the verb:
mucho: Yo hablo mucho.
poco: Yo hablo poco.
At the beginning or end of the sentence:
A veces: A veces yo hablo español. Yo hablo español a veces.
De vez en cuando: De vez en cuando yo hablo español. Yo hablo español de vez en cuando.
Todos los días: Todos los días yo hablo español. Yo hablo español todos los días.
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