3.1 Study Guide

Unidad 3, etapa 1 Study guide

Ø  Study all past vocabulary words, especially words on pg 167 and pg 195.

Ø  Using  ser and estar

Use estar with emotions and location  Use ser with things that are permanent or take a long time to change.

Estar = to be (temporary)                            ser = to be (“permanent”)
estoy    estamos                                              soy     somos
estás    estáis                                                   eres    sois
está      están                                                   es       son

a)      With emotions

Yo estoy cansado. = I am tired.               Yo soy una persona feliz. = I am a happy person.
Ella está cansada. = She is tired.              Ella es alta y bonita. = She is tall and pretty.                      

IMPORTANT: Use cansados/cansadas if it is about more than one person. The adjective (of emotion) must match the person it describes in gender (masculine or femenine) and number (singular or plural). Ellas están cansadas. Ellos están cansados.

b)     With location

Yo estoy en Michigan. = I am in Michigan.

BUT if you are talking about your origin, where you are from, you use ser:

Yo soy de Michigan. = I am from Michigan.

Ø  Using "acabar de" + infinitive verb

Acabar = to finish (You use it to say what you just finished doing)
acabo   acabamos
acabas   acabáis
acaba    acaban

Using "acabar de" + infinitive is a way of writing about the past, about something that just happened.

Yo acabo de estudiar. = I just studied. (I just finished studying)

IMPORTANT: You need to conjugate acabar, but you do not conjugate the verb that follows "de"

Ø  Using venir + a or de + place

Venir = to come (You use it to say you are coming to a place, or coming from a place)
vengo    venimos
vienes    venís
viene      vienen

Yo vengo a la escuela. = I come to the school.
Yo vengo al gimnasio. = I come to the gymnasium. ( a + el – al)
Yo vengo de la escuela. = I come from the school.
Yo vengo del gimnasio. = I come from the gymnasium.  (de + el – del)

IMPORTANT:

a la: does not change
a + el :changes to 'al'
de la: does not change
de + el: changes to 'del'

Ø  Using gustar

You have already learned how to use “gustar”  = to like. for Yo, Tú, and Él and Ella:

Me gusta(n) = I like                        

Te gusta(n) = You like

Le gusta(n) = He/She likes

Le gusta(n) = You like (for the formal you: Usted)

Here are the plural forms of gustar:

Nos gusta(n) = We like

Os gusta(n) = You all like (for “vosotros”)

Les gusta(n) = They like

Les gusta(n) = You like (for Ustedes)

To really stress about liking something, add this:

A mí me gusta                                         A nosotros nos gusta

A ti te gusta                                             A vosotros os gusta

A él/A ella/ a usted le gusta                   A ellos/A ellas/ A ustedes les gusta

A mi familia y a mí, nos gusta cantar. = My family and like to sing.

IMPORTANT :

• If someone likes one thing, you use “gusta”. If someone likes more than one thing, you use “gustan”
• You NEVER use the pronouns yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros, vosotros, ellos, ellas, or ustedes, in front of “gusta”

Ex. You would never ever ever write: Yo me gusta.

·         If you use a person’s name, you must put an “a” in front of the person’s name:

A Juan le gusta bailar. = Juan likes to dance.

Written Questions:

• You will have to say FOUR complete sentences on each of the two prompts below:

1)       one sentence with estar + emotion and say when you feel that way.

Yo estoy feliz cuando saco una buena nota = I am happy when I get a good grade.

2)       One sentence with acabar + de + verb to say what you just did

Yo acabo de sacar una buena nota. = I just got a good grade.

3)      One sentence with venir + de + place, saying where you have come from

Yo vengo de la clase de español. = I am coming from Spanish class.

4)      One sentence with what you and your friends like to do together

A mis amigos y a mí, nos gusta bailar. = My friends and I, we like to dance.