Study Guide
Unidad 3, etapa 2
You must be familiar with all of the vocabulary from past chapters.
There are many units by now, so go over them from the beginning. This will help
you for the final. Make flash cards (if you want, using quizlet.com or phone
apps) for words you have forgotten)
I. Stem changing verbs:
these verbs, known as boot verbs have a different beginning for all pronouns
except
"nosotros" and "vosotros". It is
the beginning that changes, not the ending. (See below in bold)
a) Jugar = to play u to ue (the 'u' changes to
'ue')
juego
jugamos
juegas
jugáis
juega juegan
IMPORTANT: When you are playing a sport, you use jugar + a. Remember
that "a" + "el" changes into "al".
Yo juego
al béisbol. = I play baseball.
b) Pensar = to
think
e to ie (the 'e' changes to an 'ie')
pienso
pensamos
piensas
pensáis
piensa piensan
The other verbs that are conjugated
like “pensar” are:
c
errar = to close (cierro…)
emp
ezar = to begin (empiezo…)
ent
ender = to understand (entiendo…)
mer
endar = to have a snack (meriendo…)
p
erder = to lose (pierdo…)
pref
erir = to prefer (prefiero…)
qu
erer = to want (quiero…)
IMPORTANT: The 'e' that changes to 'ie' is the one in bold letter.
II. Saber = to know
Sé sabemos
sabes sabéis
sabe saben
Ex,. Yo sé hablar español. = I know how to speak Spanish\.
Saber versus Conocer
You use "saber" when you are saying you know facts/information or
how to do something. You use "conocer" when you are saying that you
know people or places.
Conocer = to know
conozco conocemos
conoces conocéis
conoce
conocen
Ex.
Yo conozco Ana. = I know Ana.
Yo conozco
Paris.
= I know
Paris.
III. Comparisons
READ CAREFULLY AND LOOK AT ALL OF THE
EXAMPLES
A. Using “más… que, menos…que, and
tan…como”
You can place an adjective
OR a
noun between “más/menos” and “que” or “tan” and “
como”.
a)
Más… que = More than
i.
Más + adjective
+ que
Yo soy más
alto que tú = I am taller (more tall)
than you.
Ella es más
alta que tú. = She is taller then you.
(
alta MUST agree with the person, therefore it is feminine)
ii.
Mas + noun +
que + noun
Me gusta más
el futbol que el
tenis. = I like soccer more than tennis.
iii. Más +
noun + que
Yo tengo más
libros que tú. = I have more books than
you.
b)
Menos… que = less than
i.
Menos + adjective
+ que
El tenis es menos
divertido que el baloncesto. = Tennis is less fun
than
basketball.
ii.
Menos + noun
+ que + noun
Me gusta menos
el futbol que el
tenis. = I like soccer less than tennis.
iii.
Menos + noun
+ que
Yo tengo menos
libros
que tú. = I have less books than you.
c)
Tan…como = as… as
i.
Tan + adj. +
como
El
gato es tan
grande como el
perro. = The cat is as big as the dog.
Mi
falda es tan
bonita como tu
falda.= My skirt is as pretty as your skirt.
Don’t forget to watch
adjective agreement! The adjective must agree with the noun
(feminine/masculine/singular/plural)
B. Using “más que, menos que, and
tanto como”
a) Verb + más que + verb
Me gusta
leer mas que
escribir. = I like to read more than to write.
b) Verb + menos que + verb
Me gusta
leer menos que
escribir. = I like to read less than to write.
c) Tanto…
como = as many…
as
i.
Tantos +
plural noun +
como
Yo tengo tantos
libros como tú. = I have as many
books as you.
Yo tengo tantas
faldas como
tú. = I have as many skirts as you.
(Make the "tantos/tantas" agree with the noun)
d) Tanto
como...
i. verb +
tanto como + verb + = as much as
Me gusta
leer tanto
como
escribir. = I like to read as much
as to write.
ii.
verb +
noun + tanto
como +
noun
iii. Me gusta
comer tacos tanto
como
pizza.
C. Using “más de/menos de”
i.
When you are discussing numbers, you must use más de or menos de to
compare.
ii.
Menos de
cinco personas tienen su tarea. = Less than five people have their
homework.
iii.
Hay más
de veinte chicos en esta clase. = There are more than twenty boys
in this class.
Personal Questions:
1. ¿Cuál es tu
deporte favorito? = What is your
favorite sport?
Mi deporte favorite es el fútbol.
2. ¿A quiénes prefieres ver, Los Leones, Los Redwings, o Los
Tigres? = Who do you prefer to watch, the Lions, the Red Wings, or the Tigers?
Yo prefiero ver Los Tigres.
3.¿Qué necesitas para jugar al béisbol? = What do you need to play baseball?
Yo necesito un bate, un guante, y una pelota.
4.¿Qué prefieres: el tenis o levantar pesas? = What do you
prefer: tennis or lifting weights?
Yo prefiero el tenis.
5. ¿Qué deportes sabes jugar? = What sports do you know how
to tplay?
Yo sé jugar al voleibol.
